نظام التعليم الشامل مقابل التطبيق الواقعي له في المملكة العربية السعودية من وجهة نظر معلمي الصفوف الأولية
This study compared the foundations of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) developed by the KSA in the technical file with the fact of its actual application in Saudi schools from three aspects: educational curriculum, teaching aids, and teacher training. The study's main question was: What is the reality of the application of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in Saudi Arabian schools from the viewpoint of primary school teachers? To answer the study questions, the researchers used the electronic questionnaire tool, with 65 responses from male and female public schools’ primary grades teachers. The results to the main question showed that the means for the axes ranged between (2.51-2.62), and the mean for all axes was 2.53 out of (3), and a standard deviation was 0.31. We conclude here that the reality of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) application in the Saudi Arabian Schools from the viewpoint of primary grades teachers was high, and one of the most important suggestions of teachers in an open question in the study tool " the questionnaire" was to facilitate educational plans in order to save school class time to present them in the best possible quality, and to conduct direct courses regarding the use of supportive educational methods. Based on the results of the study, the researchers recommended the importance of conduct periodical training courses for teachers to build a methodology using the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in order to follow up on the most important updates. In addition, they recommended the need to support schools in order to help teachers by providing all educational means and techniques which can make the educational process easier for the teachers. (Published abstract)