فاعلية تطوير بيئة تلعيب إلكترونية للأنشطة العقلية التنفيذية في التغلب على الاضطرابات اللغوية لدى ذوي صعوبات التعلم بمملكة البحرين
The study aimed to overcome language disorders among primary school students with learning disabilities in the Kingdom of Bahrain by investigating the effectiveness of a gamified electronic environment for executive cognitive activities. The descriptive method was employed to develop the theoretical framework, measurement tools, and interpret the results, while the experimental method was used to conduct the research experiment. The study sample consisted of 60 primary school students (Grades 4 and 5) with learning disabilities in the Kingdom of Bahrain. They were divided into two experimental groups: the first group received training using activities targeting working memory, and the second group received training using activities targeting planning, with 30 students in each group. The measurement tool was a Language Disorders Scale, administered both before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis of the results revealed that the group trained through working memory executive cognitive activities achieved the highest improvement, followed by the group trained through planning executive cognitive activities. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, including the necessity of providing electronic learning environments for students with learning disabilities, and proposed a number of directions for future research directions. (Published abstract)