عمليات العلم المتضمنة في كتب الدراسات الاجتماعية للصفوف الثلاثة الأخيرة من مرحلة التعليم الأساسي في الجمهورية العربية السورية
This survey aims to determine the teaching procedures included in the books of social studies during the final three grades of the basic education phase. To achieve this goal, the researcher compiles a list of these educational procedures is in order to be introduced into the syllabus of these books. This list consists of 8 major operations and 21 subskills. Indeed, of this paper’s sample consists of three students’ textbooks on social studies during the final three grades of the basic education phase. The results of this study reveal that the books of social studies for the three grades mentioned above include a number of instructional procedures with degrees of acquisition and processing varied from one skill to another and from one grade to another. These procedures are the skills of classification, observation and communication that score high levels compared to the skills of prediction and the utilization of figures which are included in the syllabus in low percentages. However, the competences of, first, linking observations and predictions of a particular phenomenon, second, defining the relationships between phenomena and their rate of occurrence during the unit of time, third, placing correctly spatial and temporal events and finally quantitative expression about the properties of the phenomena measurement are not included in the sample of examined books. Based on the research results, the scholar, in the present case, proposes the inclusion of all the skills of teaching procedures, that have to be in concordance with the national standards, in the social studies’ curricula for the final three grades of the basic education phase. The implementation of these skills has to follow a clear and specified strategy and take into account the principles of progression and complementarity in the application of these processes on the social studies’ curricula in different classrooms and to different members of the one classroom. (Published Abstract)