دور الذاكرة العاملة في تحقيق التعلم لدى الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة الفكرية بمحافظة الطائف
This study aims to detect the difference between students with disabilities and the ordinary regarding the abilities of working memory (verbal- spatial visual- central executive). It also aims at recognizing the relation between the academic and to identify the relationship between academic achievement and working memory among students with disabilities. The researcher used the following tools: tools 1) numbers reversed, 2) auditory memory, 3) spatial span, 4) academic achievement scale). And applied these tools to a sample (50) of the students with disabilities, and (50) of the ordinary. The results yielded the presence of statistically significant differences between students with disabilities group and the group of ordinary students in working memory tasks differences (the task of calling the numbers versa, and the task of the audio call, and the task of spatial span) and in the academic achievement scale dimensions (learning to read, learning math, critical thinking) at a significant difference of (0.01). in favor of the group of ordinary students, and the existence of a negative correlation relationship between the working memory and its components and learning to read, learning math, and critical thinking of the students with disabilities at the level of significance (0.01). Based on these findings the study suggests further empirical and experimental studies that aim to study other cognitive variables such as executive functions and cognitive methods and its role in teaching the mentally handicapped. It should be noted that the results of the current study is limited by the sample surveyed and the age range it is a must to take the results of the current study, in kind of special caution in attempting to diagnosis or classify the mentally handicapped and also the current study is limited to the sample of students with mental disabilities and their psychological characteristics. The main recommendations: to do an early detection of mental capacity in general and the capabilities of working memory in children with mental disabilities. Working on developing computer games aimed at developing the memory capabilities (verbal, visual and spatial) and therefore overcome the failure in academic achievement caused by the way of training the working memory. (Published abstract)