التفكير الإيجابي وتقدير الذات كمنبئات بالصلابة النفسية لدى طالبات كلية التربية بجامعة الملك خالد
This study aimed to evaluate the levels of positive thinking, self-esteem, and psychological hardiness among female graduate students at the College of Education, King Khalid University.it also examined whether statistically significant differences existed in these variables based on academic level (master’s or PhD), additionally, the study investigated the extent to which positive thinking and self-esteem could predict psychological hardiness. The sample comprised (473) female graduate students from the College of Education at King Khalid University, the study employed a descriptive research design, integrating survey, correlational, and causal-comparative methods. It utilized the positive thinking scale developed by Ingram and Wisnicki (2005) which was adapted into Arabic by Alwaqad (2012), the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (1995) translated into Arabic by Zayed (2004), and the psychological hardiness scale Radwan (2015). The results indicated that female graduate students exhibited high levels of positive thinking, self-esteem, and psychological hardiness. Statistically significant differences were observed at the (0.01) significance level in the positive thinking scale scores, favoring master’s students. However, no significant differences were found in self-esteem or psychological hardiness based on academic level. An exception was noted in the self-imposed duty dimension, where master’s students scored higher, furthermore, positive thinking emerged as the most significant predictor of psychological hardiness, accounting for (53%) of its variance. When combined with self-esteem, the two variables explained (56%) of the variance in psychological hardiness. (Author's abstract)