أنماط الإساءة الانفعالية وعلاقتها بالتعبير عن المشاعر والاكتئاب لدى الأيتام وغير الأيتام : دراسة تنبؤية مقارنة
The problem of study shall be on the following question: What is the relation between patterns of emotional abuse and dimensions of inability to express feelings and depression symptoms for orphans and ordinary individuals? The population of study consists of orphans at Charitable Society for the Welfare of Orphans in Riyadh, and ordinary children from Shorouq Al-Marifah schools at western of Riyadh. The sample of study represents on random sample, its size was (160), as (80) from orphans and (80) from ordinary children. Depending on nature of study and its objectives to be acquired, the researcher utilized the correlative descriptive methodology, whereas considering the most appropriate of study. Tools of study were composed of scale of emotional abuse patterns, prepared by Al-Sayed Fahmi Ali, 2017, scale of nothingness and Arabiztion (Al-Sayed Fahmi Ali, 2016) Arabian list for children's depression, prepared by Ahmed Mohammed Abdel Khaliq 1996. The most important results: 1) There is positive statistical function between total grade for scale of inability to express about the feelings, and total grade for patterns of emotional abuse with its dimensions (ignorance, rejection, isolation, assault and verbal attack), also there is positive statistical function between total of grades for scale of emotional abuse and total grade of depression and its dimension (pessimism, sleeping problems, losing of listening, isolation, decreasing of self-esteem and body complaints) for orphans. 2) There is positive statistical function between total grade for scale of inability to express about the feelings, two dimensions of difficulty to describe feelings and difficulty of defining the feelings, and total grade of emotional abuse, in addition that there is positive statistical function between total grade for scale of emotional abuse patterns and total grade of depression and its dimensions for ordinary children. 3) There are differentiations with statistical function, al level ranging from (0, .5-0.01) on the average of total grade for scale of inability to express about feelings and its sub-dimensions (ignorance, isolation, assault or verbal attack and child`s negligence) between orphans and ordinary children, and the differentiations are for orphans. 4) There is general decreasing on the level of ability to express about feelings whether orphans or ordinary children or whether on describing or defining feelings. 5) Subjecting to emotional abuse and increasing its degree among orphans or ordinary children, which lead to decrease the ability to express about feelings. 6) There is clear contrast on the role of emotional abuse patterns, revealing to inability to express about feelings for orphans and ordinary children, whereas both of ignorance, child negligence, assault, and verbal attack, contributing to predict the inability to express about feelings with increasing the ratio of contribution, which ranging from (16.7% 32.4%), while the prediction of inability to express about feelings, limited on fearing or intimidation as pattern of emotional abuse, the ratio of contribution reached at (17.1%). 7) There is clear agreement about role of inability to express about feeling to predict the depression for orphans and ordinary individuals, whereas after difficulty of defining the feelings, contributed on predicting the depression for both groups, and the role of describing the feelings and oriented thinking towards abroad have lacked on predict the depression. The most recommendations: 1) This study recommended that all parents and educators working in the field of childcare should not abuse children or ignore them emotionally. 2) When early detection of abused children in childhood, it is essential to intervene psychologically. (Author’s abstract)