فاعلية استخدام نموذج مكارثي في تدريس العلوم لتلاميذ الصف الخامس الابتدائي في تنمية مهارات التفكير المستدام والمدافعة البيئية
The objective of the current research is to identify the effectiveness of using McCarthy's model in teaching science to fifth-grade students in developing sustainable thinking skills and environmental advocacy. In the first semester of 2023, the research tools were also built, which is a test of sustainable thinking skills, and a measure of environmental advocacy, and the semi-experimental and descriptive analytical approaches were used through the application of the teaching of the proposed "nutritional relations unit among living organisms" for the fifth grade in the light of the McCarthy model in order to develop sustainable thinking skills. environmental advocate, the study sample consisted of fifth graders, and they were divided into two groups, the first (1/5) the experimental group, the number of which is (30), and the second is the control group (2/5) and the number is) 30) per year in the first semester of the academic year (2022). The researcher used the sustainable thinking skills test and the environmental advocacy scale. The research results revealed: There is a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the mean scores of the students of the control and experimental groups in the post application of the sustainable thinking test as a whole and in its sub-skills separately in favor of the mean scores of the experimental group, and there is a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the averages the scores of the students of the control and experimental groups in the post application of the environmental advocacy scale as a whole and in its sub-skills separately in favor of the mean scores of the experimental group, and the presence of a statistically significant positive correlation between sustainable thinking and environmental advocacy skills among the study sample. (Published abstract)