جودة أدوات التقويم الالكتروني وعلاقتها بالمواطنة الرقمية لدى المعلمين في المحافظات الجنوبية بفلسطين
The study aimed to identify the estimates of a sample of public school teachers in the governorates of Gaza for the quality level of the electronic evaluation tools and its relationship to digital citizenship. To achieve this, the researchers followed the descriptive approach by applying the a questionnaire consisting of two parts: the first relates to the quality of electronic evaluation tools and includes (29) paragraphs divided into three areas: (the educational field, the technical field - the technical field), and the second relates to digital citizenship, and it consists of (30) paragraphs, distributed over three dimensions: ( Digital skills, digital safety, digital responsibility), and the questionnaire was applied to a sample of (395) male and female teachers., who were chosen by the simple random method. The results showed that the sample members’ assessment of the quality level of electronic evaluation tools was medium with an arithmetic mean (2.92) and with a relative weight (58.53%), and that the degree of their representation of the dimensions of digital citizenship was medium with an arithmetic average (3.39), and at a relative weight (67.81%), there is a positive, statistically significant correlation between teachers' assessment of the quality level of the electronic evaluation tools and their assessment of digital citizenship, where the overall correlation coefficient was (0.684). The study recommended enhancing teacher training opportunities on the use of digital media, and investing them in preparing objective electronic evaluation tools, while providing technical support teams to ensure the quality of these tools. (Published abstract)