فعالية برنامج تدريبي قائم على نموذج التفاؤل المتعلم في تحسين التفكير الجانبي والكفاءة الذاتية الأكاديمية لطلبة كلية التربية
The current study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of a training program based on the learned optimism model in improving lateral thinking ability and academic self-efficacy among students of the Faculty of Education, and on a sample of (20) male and female students in the third and fourth grades, at the Faculty of Education, Kafrelsheikh University, specializing in Mathematics, their ages ranged between (21-24), with a mean of 22.76, and a standard deviation of ±1.09, and they were divided into two groups; one experimental, consisting of (10) male and female students; and the other control group, consisting of (10) male and female students, using the following tests and measures: the Learned Optimism Scale, the Lateral Thinking Ability Scale, and the Academic Self-Efficiency Scale, all prepared by the researcher, in addition to the training program based on the Learned Optimism Model, prepared by the researcher, which consists of (26) training sessions, and by processing the study data using appropriate statistical methods. The results of the study found that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the ranks in the experimental and control groups on the two study scales: the Ability to Lateral Thinking, and Academic Self-efficacy, in the post-measurement and in the direction of the experimental group, which indicates the effectiveness of the training program based on the model of learned optimism In improving both the level of lateral thinking ability, and academic Self-efficacy, the results were interpreted in the light of the theoretical framework and previous studies. (Author’s abstract)