متطلبات تطبيق إدارة الجودة الشاملة في مدارس التعليم الثانوي العام في محافظة دمشق
The Effect of Inquiry Strategy in Achievement and Critical Thinking Skills in Social Studies of the Fourth-Primary Grade Pupils The objective of this research: to know the effect of the inquiry in educational strategy and critical thinking skills in Social Studies at the fourth grade pupils in the city of Horns. Sample: applied to the sample chosen unintended manner of the fourth grade students in the city of Horns, which amounted to 60 male and female pupils, divided into two groups: Experimental group studied according to the method of the inquiry. Control group studied according to the usual traditional way. Research Methods: The research used descriptive analytical approach and experimental to achieve the aimed at goal of this research, the researcher designed certain tools and applied certain strategies as follows: 1) Activities related to the social studies book according to the inquiry strategy in the case of fourth-grade pupils in primary researcher for the purpose of setting the development of critical thinking skills and academic achievement. 2) Achievement test (Before-After) to measure the impact of activities in the development of skills. 3) Measurement of critical thinking, prepared by the researcher were codified to scale Watson to suit the age of the phase of the fourth grade pupils. Research hypotheses: 1) No statistically significant differences at the level 0.05 between the average scores of the experimental group and the control group in the achievement test as a whole, and secondary critical thinking skills (a conclusion, interpretation, inference, knowledge of assumptions, evaluate arguments), the differences were in favor of the experimental group. 2) No statistically significant differences at the level 0.05 between the average scores of the experimental group and control group on a scale of critical thinking as a whole and sub-skills (finding, interpretation, inference, knowledge of assumptions, evaluate arguments), and differences in favor of the experimental group. 3) No statistically significant correlation (significance level a=0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group in the scale of critical thinking and average their achievement test scores in (After) application. Findings: 1) No statistically significant differences (significance level α=0.05) between the mean scores of students of experimental and control groups in the achievement test in the preliminary (Before) application. 2) No statistically significant differences at the level 0.05 between the average scores of the experimental group and the control group in the achievement test as a whole, and secondary critical thinking skills (a conclusion, interpretation, inference, knowledge of assumptions, evaluate arguments), the differences were in favor of the experimental group. 3) There are no statistically significant differences (significance level α=0.05) between the average scores of students of experimental and control groups on a scale of critical thinking skills in the preliminary (Before) application. 4) No statistically significant differences at the level 0.05 between the average scores of the experimental group and control group on a scale of critical thinking as a whole and sub-skills (finding, interpretation, inference, knowledge of assumptions, evaluate arguments), and differences in favor of the experimental group. 5) No statistically significant correlation (significance level α=0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group in the scale of critical thinking and average their achievement test scores in (After) application. After verification of hypotheses earlier confirmed the existence of a positive impact to the variable method and therefore the effectiveness of this method in the development of critical thinking skills on the one hand and to improve the academic achievement of the other hand in Social Studies and this is shown by the results of the experimental group, which showed superior remarkable control group in test and measure. Search is over a set of recommendations and proposals. (Author’s abstract)