الصلابة النفسية وعلاقتها بالأحداث الضاغطة : دراسة ميدانية لدى عينة من طلاب جامعة دمشق
Different and various responses and reactions would result according to the different situations anyone could go through. Pressure and anxiety might differ qualitatively and quantitatively according to life changes. Human beings could be affected by such pressure and anxiety, however, not everyone since some people might keep an excellent level of physical and psychological health. In addition, those people would not get sick even if they might go under some pressures. Pressuring situations might be so strong that some people could not face them. They even pose a great danger to their safety. According to that, those people might feel helpless and insecure. The present study aims at identifying the relation between psychological security and the different pressuring events of life among a sample of Syrian undergraduate students in both theoretical and applied sections. It aims, as well, at identifying the differences regarding the psychological security, according to gender, academic specialization and year. Furthermore, this study aims at identifying both high and low levels of psychological insecurity, concerning the pressuring life event. Last but not least, determining the effect resulted from the interplay between gender and academic specialization and year concerning the psychological security. Sample of the Study: The sample of participants, in this study, were selected randomly. Those were 665 students; 325 students chosen from the applied field, and 340 students chosen from the theoretical field. This sample presented 3% of the original sample. The participants were first and fourth students of Damascus University. Tools: The researcher has used two tools to check the hypotheses of the study: 1) The Scale of Psychological Security: it was prepared by Al-Asemi 2013. It is composed of 34 items which measure the three dimensions of commitment, determination, and discipline. Those items were given the following points accordingly; always 5, often 4, sometimes 3, rarely 2, and never 1. All the items are positive and they measure the psychological security. Hence, the top mark that a participant may get is 170, and the lowest one may get is 36. 2) The Scale of Pressuring Life Events: it was prepared by the researcher herself. It is composed of 38 items, which are distributed on three dimensions with five alternative answers (i.e. always, often, sometimes, rarely, and never). Always has 5 points, often has 4 points, sometimes has 3 points, rarely has 2 points, and never has 1 point. Hence, the top mark that a participant may get is 190, and the lowest one may get is 38. In addition to that, the researcher has employed the descriptive approach, and statistical explanation to check the study's hypotheses. The results of the Study: It was found that the psychological security among the participants was calculated at 16%. This percentage was deemed acceptable in the study's context. The study showed a negative relation between the psychological security and the pressuring life events; the more the levels of the psychological security were, the lower the state of isolation among the participants were. That would make them able to face and deal with all the pressuring events in their lives. The gender difference between males and females were found to be inconsistent; female students were found to be more psychologically secure concerning the dimensions of commitment and discipline, and on the other hand, male students were found to be more psychologically secure concerning the dimension of determination. The students of the applied sections were found more secure concerning the dimensions of the academic psychological security, whereas the students of the theoretical sections were found to be more secure regarding some of the aspects of security. In addition to that, the fourth year students are more secure than those of the first year. The results indicated, as well, that those who feel more secure are able to face pressuring events more than feel less secure. Last but not least, the factors of gender and academic specialization and year are important ones since they can be predicted when identifying the levels of psychological security among undergraduate students. The researcher has presented a set of recommendations that were related to the results of the study. (Author’s abstract)