فلسفة برتراند رسل التحليلية وتطبيقاتها التربوية
The present study aims at understanding Bertrand Russells Analytic philosophy and its educational applications by analyzing his two educational books entitled: In Education, and Education and the social system. The study presents Russells thoughts and ideas in education. The study depends on the descriptive analytic methodology in the presentation of the present analysis. The present thesis consists of five chapters described below: 1) Chapter one consists six axis: the problem of the study, significance, aim, methodology, limits, and definition of basic terms. 2) Chapter two is concerned with the theoretical background, which includes three parts. part one presents the theoretical aspects, consisting of Russells biography and his books. The second part consists of the factors and powers that affecte Russells philosophical thinking including: a) The social and economic factors. b) Religions factors. c) political factors. d) thinking or ideological and cultural factors. The third part includes previous related studies chapter three is about the analytic philosophy which includes four parts. Part one is a historical review about the analysis movement and the analytic philosophy and its development. The Second part, deals with analysis and the analytic philosophy by presenting the nature of the methodology, characteristics, interpretation aims, instruments, types, steps and procedures. The third part presents the other philosophy with Russell including George Edward Moore, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Viena circle. The fourth part of inquiry includes Russells philosophical Views about such concepts as: God, Religion, Science, knowledge, Wisdom, Values, philosophy, politics, morals, Sufism. Part four of inquiry presents Bertrand Russells educational philosophy, including four sub-sections: the first one is about Bertrand Russells educational philosophy, and knowledge theory of Russell. The Second one deals with educational high morals. The third one is about the moral education of Russell. The fourth one is about the thinking education of Russells. The fifth part is about Russells educational opinions about education, educational goals, teacher, student (learner), curriculum, teaching methods, and evaluation. Chapter five is entitled “Education and the Social System” includes the following parts: part one deals with Russells educational opinions about the following Social concepts individual, Citizen, Family, school, patriotism, citizenship, gender, competition, freedom in education, and religion. Part two deals with the educational applications of Russell about the student, the teacher, curriculum, methods of teaching, and evaluation. Based on what has been reached at in the present study, suitable conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions have been put forward, the conclusions are: 1) Russells philosophy is of two parts: the ideological (thinking) side in education, where as the second side is the moral sides in education and the two sides are of one coin. 2) Educational thinking or ideology has an effective role in building up society and reforming it. No social reform could happen without reforming education, and vice– versa. Finally, several recommendations and suggestions have been put forward. (Author’s abstract)