الذاكرة الدلالية وذاكرة الأحداث الشخصية لدى عينة من الأطفال في مرحلتي التعليم الأساسي الأولى والثانية في مدينة دمشق
This research aims to define the relationship between semantic and episodic memory for a sample of children in first and second stage of primary education in Damascus. And also studying differences in both of semantic and episodic memory for the variables of (age, Gender). The research problem: The research problem is indicated in the following main research question: What is the relationship between semantic and episodic memory in a sample of children in first and second stage of primary education in Damascus? The importance of research: The importance of research is in the importance of the age group i.e. Childhood 9¬12 years. And in the importance of items studied here (semantic and episodic memory). Research Objectives: This research aims to achieve the following goals: 1) To define the relationship between semantic and episodic memory for a sample of children in first and second stage of primary education in Damascus. 2) To define differences in both of semantic and episodic memory for the variables of (age, Gender). Hypotheses of research: 1) There is no statistically significant correlation between semantic memory and episodic memory for members of the sample. 2) There are no statistically significant differences between members of the sample according to the age variable on the scale of semantic memory. 3) There are no statistically significant differences between members of the sample according to the age variable on the scale of episodic memory. 4) There are no statistically significant differences between members of the sample according to the gender variable on the scale of semantic memory. 5) There are no statistically significant differences between members of the sample according to the gender variable on the scale of episodic memory. Boundaries of the study 1) Temporal boundaries: The research was applicated on the second term of the year 2011/2012. 2) Spatial boundaries: The research was applicated in public schools for both of first and second stages primary education in Damascus. 3) Human boundaries: The research was applicated for a sample of 1510 pupils of the age 9-12 years. 4) Scientific boundaries: Studying the relationship between semantic and episodic memory for a sample of children in first and second stage of primary education. Tools of Research: Researcher used in this research a test battery for semantic and episodic memory designed by Amthal.H Hwayla. Research community and sample: Individuals of the original community of this research has reached 81205 pupils in public schools in Damascus 2011/ 2012 in the age of 9-12 years. But a rough sample was adopted and its ratio is 1.86% with a number of 1510 pupils (786 males & 724 females). Research Result: 1) There is statistically significant correlation between semantic and episodic memory for children of the sample. 2) There are statistically significant differences between averages of the sample children for the scale of semantic memory according to the variable of age for the sake of elder children 9-12 years. 2) There are statistically significant differences between averages of the sample children for the scale of episodic memory according to the variable of age for the sake of elder children 9-12 years. 3) There are statistically significant differences between averages of the sample children for the scale of semantic memory according to the variable of gender for the sake of females. 4) There are statistically significant differences between averages of the sample children for the scale of episodic memory according to the variable of gender for the sake of females. (Author’s abstract)