شبكة المعلومات العربية التربوية

هدفت الدراسة إلى بناء مقياس معنى الحياة للأفراد ذوي الإعاقة الحركية المكتسبة في سن الرشد، حيث تم الاعتماد في تصميم هذه الأداة على نظرية (Frankl) الوجودية وعلى مجموعة من المقاييس التي تناولت هذا المفهوم. وبعد تحديد الأبعاد وعبارات كل بعد تم عرضه على مجموعة من الأساتذة المتخصصين في (علم النفس والقياس النفسي) وبعد الموافقة على صلاحية هذا المقياس تم تطبيقه على (10) أفراد من ذوي الإعاقة الحركية المكتسبة من مستويات تعليمية مختلفة لمعرفة وضوح وسهولة فهم العبارات. ولحساب الخصائص السيكومترية تم تطبيق هذه الأداة على عينة من (170) فرد ذي إعاقة حركية مكتسبة، وذلك في مركز إعادة التأهيل الوظيفي برأس ماء التابع لولاية سطيف، ومركز إعادة التأهيل الوظيفي بتقصراين ببئر الخادم بالجزائر العاصمة، وبالديوان الوطني لتركيب الأعضاء الاصطناعية للمعاقين. ولقد تم حساب الصدق بعدة طرق، طريقة صدق المحكمين باستعمال معادلة لاوشي، وطريقة الاتساق الداخلي والمقارنة الطرفية. أما بالنسبة للثبات فلقد تم استعمال معامل ألفا كرونباخ للاتساق الداخلي وطريقة التجزئة النصفية وبهذا الشكل أصبح المقياس صالحا للاستعمال. (الملخص المنشور)

This study aimed to formulate a meaning of life scale for individuals with gained physical disability at the age of adulthood. The physical disability imposed by the limits on the potential, abilities and interactions of the individual affect the concept of self and reduce confidence in himself and feel concerned and disability, on the other hand, the injury affects the methods of family interaction with the physically disabled child may resort to denial and neglect of the child, or become anxious and feeling ,Or to resort to the child's fear and protection for fear of him, and therefore do not care about the educational or vocational rehabilitation, which reflects on his personality. Many scholars and researchers have addressed the concept of disability from different points of view due to the different fields of work of each of them, and to the different angles of vision that each of them considered to be handicapped through them (Hassan, 2005). This scale was formed based on frank l’sexistential theory and other scales that dealt with the same concept. Logotherapy partially grew out of Frankl’s frustrations with these other schools of thought. Specifically, Frankl felt that psychoanalysis was too reductionist, in that it “abandoned genuine and spontaneous human encounter for methodological reasons” (Langle & Sykes, 2006). On the other hand, he disagreed with Alfred Adler and individual psychology by claiming that people “not only seek to understand their own existence, they seek a meaning to their lives” (Langle & Sykes, 2006). In other words, Frankl felt that psychoanalysis lacked a human element and that individual psychology ignored the question of meaning. To Frankl, these shortcomings of Viennese psychotherapy necessitated the creation of a new type of sychotherapy, which became his logo therapy. After determining the dimensions and terms of each dimension, it (the scale) was presented to a group of professors specialized in psychology and psychometrics for review. Upon their approval of its validity, the scale was applied on (10) individuals with gained physical disability from different educational levels to identify the clarity and ease of understanding of the terms. The experimental method has been used to suit it for study purposes. In order to calculate the psychometric characteristics, this scale was applied to a sample consisting of (170) individual with gained physical disability at the functional rehabilitation center in Ras El-Ma’a of Setif and the functional rehabilitation center in Takesrain bir khadem, Algiers and in the National Office for the installation of artificial limbs for the disabled. The validity was estimated using several methods, the method of the validity of the arbitrators using the formula of Laoshi and the method of internal consistency and peripheral comparison, as for the stability, a coefficient called ‘Alpha Cronbach’ of internal consistency and the fragmentation half-way method, has been used and thus the scale became valid for use. (Published abstract)

L'étude a pour objet de construire une échelle du sens de la vie chez les personnes ayant un handicap moteur acquis à l'âge de l’adulte, en focalisant sur la théorie existentielle de Frankl et sur un ensemble des échelles qui traitent ce concept. Après avoir défini la dimension et les items de chaque dimension, on l’a exposé aux enseignants spécialisés en psychologie et psychométrie qui accordent leur avis sur la validité de cet outil qui a été appliqué sur (10) individus ayant un handicap moteur acquis de différents niveaux intellectuels, pour connaitre la clarté et la facilité de comprendre les items. Afin de faire les caractéristiques psychométriques, cet outil a été appliqué sur un échantillon de (170) personnes ayant un handicap moteur acquis au centre de la rééducation fonctionnelle de Ras El-Maa de wilaya de Sétif, centre de la rééducation fonctionnelle de BirAl-Khadem à Alger et à l'Office national d'appareillage des personnes handicapés. Pour mesurer la validité on a fait plusieurs méthodes, l'équation de Lawshy, la méthode de cohérence interne et la comparaison périphérique, quant à la fiabilité on a utilisé coefficient alpha Cronbach pour la cohérence interne et la méthode de fragmentation à mi-parcours ; et de cette façon cet outil est devenu valide et fiable pour l'utilisation. (Résumé publié)