أثر برنامج إرشاد جمعي في تحسين المرونة النفسية والرضا عن الحياة لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانوية
This study sought to reveal the impact of a group counseling program on improving the psychological resilience and satisfaction with life among a sample of secondary school students. The study sample was selected from female students enrolled in a public school in Zarqa, Jordan. The results of self-assessments showed that they had a low level of psychological resilience and satisfaction with life. The sample’s study consisted of n=40 students aged between 17 and 15 years, and randomly assigned to two groups, the experimental group N=20 and the control group N=20 for which the counseling program was not provided. The study used two scales: Psychological resilience, and Satisfaction with life, in pre-post tests, with experimental and control groups; and in follow-up scales were applied only to experimental group members. The equivalence of the two groups in the pre test was verified on all scales used in the study. The design and construction of the group counseling program were based on the perspective of CBT and psychological education. The program consisted of 14 group counseling sessions, with three sessions a week, ranging from 40 minutes to 50 minutes. Results indicated the following results: Firstly, there were statistically significant differences at the level of a=0.05 in the post-test between means of the experimental group and the control group scores of the Psychological Resilience scale (total and sub-score) in its four dimensions: Personal competence, self-confidence, endurance, positive acceptance of change, and self-control, in favor of the experimental group. Secondly, statistically significant differences at the level of a=0.05 in the post-test were found between means of the experimental group and control group on the satisfaction with life scale (total and sub-score) in its six dimensions: Happiness, social interaction, security, psychological stability, social appreciation and conviction, in favor of the experimental group. Thirdly, there were statistically significant differences at the level of a=0.05 between means of the experimental group in the post-follow-up tests scores on the Psychological Resilience scale (total and sub-score) in its four dimensions, in favor of the follow-up test, indicating the improvement of the experimental group in the follow-up test, and the retain of the participants with the therapeutic gains they achieved in the post test and the continuation of this improvement at statistically significant degree, and Fourth, there were no statistically significant differences at the level of a=0.05 between means of the experimental group in the post-follow-up tests scores on the satisfaction with life scale (total and sub-score) in its six dimensions. These findings suggest that counseling groups may be effective in helping high school students when they face the experience of desperate emotional feelings, and those who may lack the psychological resilience and satisfaction with life as participants in this study, and that it should be systematically applied within counseling interventions in the Jordanian school environment. Also, researchers may conduct similar prospective studies aimed at helping students of both sexes in different age groups. Additionally, there is a need to design group counseling programs that take into account primary prevention interventions for school students that show signs of unhappiness, despair with life and lack of psychological resilience. (Author’s abstract)